Reference pages on how anime is produced: cel and digital animation, layout, key animation and in-betweening, voice work, music, and the storyboard.
All production pages
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- Anime Music Composition — Anime music falls into several distinct categories with different commercial and artistic functions: the background score (BGM); the opening (OP) and ending (ED
- Anime Openings and Endings as Cinematic Form — The 90-second anime opening (OP) and ending (ED) sequence is a distinctive cinematic form. It must function as a teaser, a music video, a credits card, and a br
- Cel Animation in Japan — Cel animation — drawings inked onto transparent cellulose acetate sheets and photographed against painted backgrounds — was the dominant production technique in
- Digital Ink and Paint in Anime Production — Digital ink and paint is the process by which scanned hand-drawn line art is coloured and composited on computer, eliminating the physical cel from the producti
- Dubbing and Subtitling — Anime localisation — translation, dubbing, and subtitling for non-Japanese markets — has gone through several distinct eras: the early fan-distributed dub era,
- Key Animation and In-Betweening — Anime production divides the labour of drawing motion into two principal roles: genga (原画, key animation) and dōga (動画, in-betweening). The ke
- Storyboarding in Anime — The Japanese anime storyboard (絵コンテ, e-konte, 'picture continuity') is the principal planning document for an episode or film. Drawn by the director or
- The Layout System in Anime Production — The layout system is the production step at which an episode's shot composition, camera framing, perspective, and background design are established. The layout
- Voice Acting in Anime — The Japanese voice-acting industry (声優, seiyū) is structurally distinctive: voice actors are usually employed by specialist talent agencies, train at d